Arterial Hypertension
Hypertension or High Blood Pressure, is a condition in which the pressure of the blood against the artery walls is elevated enough that it can cause long-term health issues, such as heart disease. A high blood pressure is considered to be 140/90mm Hg (systolic/diastolic) or higher. Until the age of 64, hypertension is more common among men whereas women over the age of 65. Obesity, smoking, anxiety, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption and too much dietary intake of salt are among the risk factors for hypertension.
Diagnosis of Real Causes & Treatment of Arterial Hypertension
- Gradual restoration of cellular function
- Personalized therapeutic protocols, without chemical residues and excipients
- Treating the real causes
- Therapeutic formulas that work alone or in combination with any other medication
- Adopting a Molecular / Therapeutic Nutrition Plan
Symptoms of Hypertension
Hypertension can be present without obvious symptoms.
However, symptoms as the following can lead a Physician to test an individual for elevated blood pressure: dizziness, headaches, chest pain, sweating, facial flushing, difficulty in breathing, nose bleeding, irregular heartbeat or palpitations.
Epidemiology and Statistics
Hypertension is on the rise around the world largely due to ageing of the population and exposure to lifestyle risk-factors such as smoking, unhealthy diet and lack of physical exercise. It is estimated that almost 10% of the global adult population suffers from hypertension.
Elevated blood pressure is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and all-cause mortality.
Hypertension seems to have a very significant effect on healthcare expenditure as it is estimated to represent almost 10% of the global healthcare expenditure.
Pathophysiology of Hypertension
Arterial hypertension is a chronic medical condition characterized by a persistent elevation of blood pressure. Blood pressure is actually the pressure of blood pushing against the arterial walls and is the product of cardiac output and vascular resistance. Patients suffering from arterial hypertension may present an increased cardiac output, an increased vascular resistance or a combination of these two conditions. Hypertension in young individuals is usually attributed to an elevated cardiac output, whereas in older people to increased vascular resistance due to stiffening of the aorta and the other arteries.
| Stage | Systolic pressure | Diastolic pressure |
| Optimal | <120 | <80 |
| Normal | 120-129 | 80-84 |
| Normal-elevated | 130-139 | 85-89 |
| Hypertension stage 1 | 140-159 | 90-99 |
| Hypertension stage 2 | 160-179 | 100-109 |
| Hypertension stage 3 | >180 | >110 |
The stages of Hypertension. Systolic and diastolic pressure prices are given in mm Hg.
Hypertension progresses gradually from occasional to established hypertension. This is usually the point when most people refer to a doctor. In certain cases however, individuals may be asymptomatic. After a long period of untreated hypertension, organ damage may emerge (aorta, heart, kidneys, small arteries and retina are among the most commonly affected organs).
Blood pressure is regulated through a complex mechanism. As a product of cardiac output and vascular resistance, blood pressure is influenced by factors affecting these two characteristics. Sodium dietary intake, kidney function and mineralocorticoids (such as aldosterone) function are some very basic factors that affect cardiac output. Furthermore, the sympathetic nervous system, humoral factors and local autoregulation affect vascular resistance.
